by Stephen H. Sinclair, MD | Jul 30, 2026
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in those older than 55 years across all income levels and constitutes 6% to 9% of global legal blindness.1 The progressive visual loss is certainly recognized to affect functional capacity and...
by Jasmine Wong Yumori, OD, FAAO, Dipl AAO, FNAP, Melissa Zarn Urankar, OD, FAAO, FNAP, Linda Casser, OD, FAAO, FNAP, Julie A. Tyler, OD, FAAO, FNAP, Amy Logan, OD, FAAO, Tracy Wang, OD | Jul 30, 2026
Background According to the World Health Organization, interprofessional education (IPE) “occurs when students from two or more professions learn about, from and with each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes.”1 Interprofessional...
by Alaina R. Bandstra, OD, FAAO | Jul 30, 2026
Background Canaliculitis is a very rare inflammation of the lacrimal pathway in which an infection develops within the punctum and canaliculus, the two most proximal components of the nasolacrimal tear drainage system.1-5 Cases of canaliculitis are classified as...
by Melissa Tawa, OD, FAAO | Jul 30, 2026
Introduction Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) is a rare white dot syndrome characterized by white dots in the posterior pole and mid-periphery, and foveal granularity.1 It was previously thought to be a disease of the choriocapillaris, however more...
by Marc B. Taub, OD, MS, EdD, FAAO, FOVDR, FNAP, Dipl AAO | Jul 30, 2026
Introduction One aspect of teaching in the clinical programs of a professional program, such as optometry, is the need to inform students about their performance. Grading rubrics can include Likert-scale items and open-text boxes to provide the students’ feedback. It...
by Danielle Piser, OD, FAAO, Raman Bhakhri, OD, FAAO, Shaun Ittiara, MD | Apr 28, 2026
Introduction Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the spirochete, Treponema pallidum. Although thought to be a rare infection, syphilis cases have been on the rise over the last 20 years in the US and globally. Per the Centers for Disease...
by Raman Bhakhri, OD, FAAO, Kathryn Hohs, OD, FAAO, Chandler Wolfe, Aleeza Tariq | Apr 28, 2026
Introduction Granular corneal dystrophy (GCD) is an autosomal dominant inherited corneal epithelial stromal dystrophy that results in the deposition of discrete and irregular white-grey deposits at the level of the corneal epithelium and anterior stroma.1,2 Different...
by Thuy-Lan Nguyen, OD, FAAO, FSLS, Stacy Zubkousky, OD, FAAO, FSLS | Apr 28, 2026
Background Microbial keratitis (MK) is an infectious corneal condition which can lead to corneal scarring and potentially serious visual impairment.1 Overnight contact lens wear is a leading cause for MK, especially in younger patients. In 1989, Poggio et al...
by Jacqueline Dang, OD, FAAO, Ida Chung, OD, FAAO, FOVDR | Apr 28, 2026
Background Strabismus is a well-known diagnostic challenge for eyecare practitioners, and diagnosing it in an adult patient is particularly demanding due to the potential etiologies, including neurological dysfunction, orbital disease, binocular vision disorders or...
by John Lee OD, Patrick Yoshinaga OD, MPH, Eunice Myung Lee, OD, John Nishimoto OD, MBA, Andrew Loc Nguyen PhD | Apr 28, 2026
Introduction The executive certificate program offered by Southern California College of Optometry, Marshall B. Ketchum University (MBKU) and the Tokyo Optometric College (TOC) was a collaboration between the two programs to meet the future needs of patients in Japan....
by Guilherme Albieri, PhD, Christian Alberto, EdD | Apr 28, 2026
Background The Optometry Admission Test (OAT) has long been a foundation of the admissions process, but its efficacy in predicting student success is increasingly debated. In an era where the value of standardized testing is under scrutiny across educational...
by Jennifer Reilly OD, MS, FAAO | Apr 28, 2026
Background Scleritis is a rare but critical ocular condition that consists of painful inflammation of the sclera.1 The condition often presents as a painful red eye that may be unilateral or bilateral in nature.2 Scleritis is a significant condition because it can be...
